Table 1 Brain tissue engineering studies

Natural materials

[40] Tate et al.

Collagen gel + laminin/fibronectin

Mouse NPs

TBI (fluid percussion)

[42] Yu et al.

Collagen type 1 gel

E14 Rat NPs

Ischemic Stroke (MCAO)

[125] Elias et al.

Collagen scaffold

Adult hippocampal NPs

TBI (penetrative)

[126] Jin et al.

Matrigel™

Human NPs derived from ESC line

Ischemic Stroke (MCAO)

[127] Liang et al.

Hyaluronic acid

C17.2 cell line, ReNcells, and GRPs

None

[128] Wang et al.

Decellularized and lyophilized Porcine Urinary Bladder

Rat NPs

TBI (CCI)

Synthetic materials

[129] Park et al.

Fibrous PLGA

C17.2

Ischemic Stroke (MCAO)

[130] Bible et al.

ppAm-PLGA microparticles + fibronectin

MHP36 cell line

Transient stroke (MCAO)

[131] Cheng TY et al.

RADA₁₆-IKVAV self-assembling nanofiber

Rat neuronal progenitor cell line HCN-A94-2

Biopsy punch

Incorporation of growth factors

[161] Bible et al.

PLGA + VEGF

Human cell line from 12 wk. old fetus (ReNeuron)

Ischemic Stroke (MCAO)

[170] Skop et al.

Chitosan-Heparin (genipin crosslinked) + fibronectin + FGF-2

E13.5 Rat NPs

TBI (CCI)