Polymeric nanocarriers for the treatment of systemic iron overload

Table 2 The influence of polymer conjugation on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of DFO

-DFO Conjugate	Pharmacodynamic effect	Pharmacokinetic effect
Dextran-DFO [44]	LD50 increased from 250 mg/kg to 4000 mg/kg, reduction of pulmonary hypotension in dogs	Increased circulation half-life
Starch-DFO (40SDO2) [47]	Reduced retinal toxicity in albino rats, Reduction of pulmonary hypotension in dogs	Increased in vivo iron excretion efficiency, increased circulation half-life. Excess free iron binding capacity in healthy males
PEG-Methacrylate-DFO [46]	Reduced endothelial cell toxicity	--
HPG-DFO [48]	Increased in vivo LD50	Increased in vivo iron mobilization efficiency in mice Increased circulation half-life in mice
HPG-DFO [48]	Increased in vivo LD50	Decreased clearance

Conjugated forms of DFO are associated with reduced toxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Dextran-DFO, HES-DFO and HPG-DFO demonstrated significantly higher plasma half-lives than unconjugated DFO [44,46-48].

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