Gene therapy for cancer: present status and future perspective

Amer, Magid H

doi:10.1186/2052-8426-2-27

Molecular and Cellular Therapies

Table 2 Monoclonal antibodies in cancer management

From: Gene therapy for cancer: present status and future perspective

Name	Class	Target	Approved initial indications	FDA Approved
Rituximab (Rituxan)	Chimeric IgG1	CD20	Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	1997
Trastuzumab (Herceptin)	Humanized IgG1	HER2	Breast cancer	1998
Alemtuzumab (Campath)	Humanized IgG1	CD52	B-cell CLL	2001
Ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin)	Murine IgG1	CD20	Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	2002
Tositumomab (Bexxar)	Murine IgG2a	CD20	Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	2003
Cetuximab (Erbitux)	Chimeric IgG1	EGFR	Squamous cancer head & neck	2004
Bevacizumab (Avastin)	Humanized IgG1	VEGF	Colorectal cancer	2004
Panitumumab (Vectibix)	Humanized IgG2	EGFR	Colorectal cancer	2006
Ofatumumab (Arzerra)	Humanized IgG1	CD20	CLL	2009
Denosumab (Xgeva)	Humanized IgG2	RANKL	Bone metastases	2010
Ipilimumab (Yervoy)	Humanized IgG1	CTLA-4	Metastatic melanoma	2011
Brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris)	Chimeric IgG1	CD30	Hodgkin lymphoma	2011
Pertuzumab (Perjeta)	Humanized IgG1	HER2	Breast cancer	2012
Trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla)	Humanized IgG1	HER2	Breast cancer	2013
Obinutzumab (Gazyva)	Humanized IgG1	CD20	B-cell CLL	2013
Name	Class	Target	Present indications	Clinical Trials**
Amatuximab	Chimeric IgG1	mesothelin	mesothelioma	Phase-I
Elotuzumab	Humanized IgG1	CS1	Multiple myeloma	Phase-III
Farletuzumab	Humanized IgG1	FRA	Ovarian and lung cancers	Phase-III
Inotuzumab ozogamicin	Humanized IgG4	CD22	ALL, Malignant lymphoma	D/C
Moxetumomab pasudotox	Murine Fv-CD22	CD22	Hairy cell Leukemia	Phase-III
Naptumomab estafenatox	Murine Fab	5 T4	Renal and solid malignancies	Phase-II
Necitumumab	Humanized IgG1	EGFR	NSCL (Squamous cell)	Phase-III
Nivolumab	Humanized IgG4	PDI	NSCL, Melanoma, Renal	Phase-III
Ontuximab	Humanized IgG1	TEM1	Solid tumors	Phase-I/II
Onartuzumab	Humanized IgG1	c-Met	NSCL, Gastric	D/C
Racotumomab vaccine (Vaxira)	Murine	GM3	NSCL	Phase-III
Rilotumumab	Humanized IgG2	HGF/SF	Gastric, GEJ	Phase-III

Abbreviations: 5 T4 Antigen expressed on several solid tumors; ALL acute lymphocytic leukemia; c-MET MNNG HOS proto-oncogene that encodes hepatocyte growth factor receptor; CLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia; CTLA-4 cytotoxic T lymphocyte inhibitors mediated by malignant cells; CS1 human CS1 antigen glycoprotein belonging to CD2 subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily; D/C clinical trials that were discontinued due to the lack of efficacy or excessive toxicities; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; FDA Food and Drug Administration in United States; FRA folate receptor alpha; GM3 tumor antigen N-glycolil, a type of ganglioside present on the surface of breast and lung cancer cells; HGF human hepatocyte growth factor receptors; Mesothelin mesothelin is cell surface glycoprotein overexpressed in multiple malignancies such as mesothelioma; NSCL non-small cell lung cancer; PD-1 human cell surface receptor programed death-1, results in activation of T cell mediated immune responses; RANKL RANK ligand protein that acts as the primary signal for bone removal, loss, or destruction; TEM1 tumor endothelial Marker-1 and CD248 (Morphotek Inc, Exton, PA); VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.
**Active clinical trials on monoclonal antibodies in cancer management as of July 1st, 2014 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).

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ISSN: 2052-8426

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